直升機飛行員手冊直升機操作手冊 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook

時間：2011-04-05 11:37來源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點擊：次

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As well as the clipper, there is a navigator to tell you where to fly, since you will be busy enough at that level. Don’t expect to fly more than 6 hours a day, or in wind over 15 kts. The aircraft itself must be on low skids, with no bear paws, or items that can get caught. You yourself must be an ace at long-lining, with at least 1000 hours on type.
You start off with a hover somewhere between 25-50 feet above the trees concerned, using up to 85% torque, so you’ve got a reserve. Keep them between your right shoulder and just forward of the front edge of the front door. Then descend to within eye level of the target, always being aware that trees sway in the wind and you can either get hit by another or hit something else as you try and keep up with the tree you are working with (your downwash won’t be helping). Its top should be level with your eyes or the cabin roof, slightly forward of your right shoulder. Don’t fixate on the tree top, but something else that isn’t moving. Slide the skid in between the branches until the stem of the tree is against it, using a little collective just before contact. Then lower the collective so the skid rests against the lower branches to keep it steady for the clipper, who shouldn’t take more than a minute to do what’s required. Before you move away, check the skid isn’t caught on anything, then increase collective and use left cyclic to pull you away gently. Don’t move directly sideways, as upwards slanting branches near the tops of trees could snag you.
A couple of points to watch – if you bend a tree beyond the cyclic stops, when it rebounds you will be out of limits as you try to correct things. You will do best to keep level and use left cyclic with the rebound. Don’t go straight up or you might get dynamic rollover. Trees with bent tops indicate heavy crops and should be avoided, because they will have too much momentum. If you have to work round a tree top, hover away and assume a new position every time rather than spinning round it.

Wildlife Capture
Normally done with a pilot and gunner (who has a net gun), but there may also be an assistant (called a mugger) as well. If there isn’t, and you have to do the job instead, you should only handle the head of the animal, so you don’t get injured unnecessarily. Your briefing should include getting in and out of the helicopter whilst in the hover.
A slightly forward C of G is preferable. Keeping the rotor disc as flat as possible, and avoiding tight turns, approach the animal from behind, slightly away from the skid and forward of the gunner, almost definitely with a sideslip. Don’t fixate on the animal, but keep it in view with peripheral vision. The reason for the flat disc is to keep it out of the line of fire, and high-G turns will upset the gunner’s aim. Sometimes the wildlife will be seals, so you have to wear lifejackets and stuff, and dodge the waves when they get a bit big (sometimes you have to use the waves to get you back in the air again).

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